Innovation

From [RSC05]:

• “…creativity is typically defined as the ability to generate ideas that are novel, useful, and appropriate.”
• “…innovation is comprised of two distinct stages – the generation of an idea and its subsequent application – whereas creativity only involves the first of these stages.”
• “Creativity involves the generation of ideas that are entirely novel, whereas innovation only requires that such ideas are new to a particular area.”
• “…it therefore seems likely that creativity is more closely aligned with radical rather than incremental innovation.”

From [Gui81]: defined creativity with respect to four factors: elaboration (amount of detail in the responses), innovation (statistical uncommonness of the responses), fluency (quantity of appropriate responses), and flexibility (variety of categories of appropriate responses).

From [Cas07]: In addition to the 4 factors in [Gui81], one can include: (i) consideration of problem constraints; (ii) usefulness of the design product; (iii) aesthetics of the design product; (iv) practicality of the design product; (v) relation of the design to the physical context; and (vi) value of the design product¹⁾.

From [AEF00]:

• Interaction and collaboration among individuals is critical for creativity.
• Creativity grows from relationship between persons and their environment; they must not only study and understand the environment, but, ideally, experience it directly and deeply.